What’s new

August 2016 update

Another 75 items have been added to the Virtual Library, bringing the total number of items to over 500, representing over 150 languages ... read more

How to use this Virtual Library

To find a resource, use search, or choose a state, language or category on the left (see Help for more information).

Or: find items by year of first listing in this Virtual Library:

Update 2024

This site is no longer current and is not being updated. Since 2016, happily, the number of online sources of knowledge about Australian Indigenous languages exploded in number and diversity of sources, especially from Indigenous organisations and individuals. As a result, it became impossible to keep ALoA up to date. It is no longer a key resource.

As the main web portal for Australian Aboriginal languages on the web (part of Tim Berners-Lee’s official W3C Virtual Library (now defunct at https://www.vlib.org/ - see its history) this site provided summaries, guidance and links to quality resources on Aboriginal languages, especially those produced from communities and by community members. It was listed in most of the major international libraries and other institutions as a key site for Australian languages, and attracted over 500,000 hits a year.

Approximately half of the linked sites still exist and the site’s back-end database remains valuable because it contains data which tracks 20 years of the emergence, expansion and changes in the online presence of Australian First Nations languages from the birth of the web.

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RESULTS: 20 ITEMS FOR CATEGORY Overviews of languages

Adnyamathanha [adt] see all Adnyamathanha
Source: Mobile Language Team / University of Adelaide
The MLT website has resources for a number of South Australian languages. This page for Adyamathanha is one of the more comprehensive ones.
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Alyawarra [aly] see all Alyawarra
Source: Margaret Carew/Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics, Batchelor Institute
A program supporting Central Australian languages through innovative projects such as the Kaytetye Bird App and the Iltyem-iltyem website for teaching and learning Central Australian sign languages, and many more resources for Arrernte, Warlpiri, Alyawarr, Anmatyerr and other languages.
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Anindilyakwa [aoi] see all Anindilyakwa
Source: James Bednall/Crikey
A linguist's experience of working with the language Anindilyakwa, providing an introduction to the Warnindilyakwa people and their language. An item from ,a href="http://blogs.crikey.com.au/fullysic/">Fully (sic), Crikey's language blog, which features several posts on Australian languages.
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Anmatyerr [amx] see all Anmatyerr
Source: Margaret Carew/Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics, Batchelor Institute
A program supporting Central Australian languages through innovative projects such as the Kaytetye Bird App and the Iltyem-iltyem website for teaching and learning Central Australian sign languages, and many more resources for Arrernte, Warlpiri, Alyawarr, Anmatyerr and other languages.
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Arrernte [aus-x-arq] see all Arrernte
Source: Margaret Carew/Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics, Batchelor Institute
A program supporting Central Australian languages through innovative projects such as the Kaytetye Bird App and the Iltyem-iltyem website for teaching and learning Central Australian sign languages, and many more resources for Arrernte, Warlpiri, Alyawarr, Anmatyerr and other languages.
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Banyjima [pnw] see all Banyjima
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Bayungu [bxj] see all Bayungu
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Burarra [bvr] see all Burarra
Source: ARDS
Background information and 900-word dictionary of the Dha?u languages of Yol?u matha -- (Wangurri, G
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Burduna [bxn] see all Burduna
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Djangu [dhg] see all Djangu
Source: ARDS
Background information and 900-word dictionary of the Dha?u languages of Yol?u matha -- (Wangurri, G
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Gathang [kda] see all Gathang
Source: First Voices/Gathang Language Group/Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative
A collaborative and community-based effort to provide online resources for Gathang, the language of the Birrbay, Guringay and Warrimay people. Contains a browsable and searchable wordlist, and some games.
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Gunwinygu [gup] see all Gunwinygu
Source: Bininj Gunwok project
Bininj Gunwok refers to six mutually intelligible dialects stretching from Kakadu National Park south to Pine Creek and Manyallaluk, and east across the Arnhem Land plateau. This site has a wonderful array of information about Kunwinjku and related languages, including maps, texts, grammar, phrases with audio, publications, and photos. Notably, all the menus and much of the information is in Kunwinjku.
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Jiwarli [mem] see all Jiwarli
Source: Peter K. Austin
General information, references and short story with audio, for Jiwarli. There is also a short dictionary sample with the promise of a comprehensive online dictionary.
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Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Juwaliny [wmt] see all Juwaliny
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Karajarri [gbd] see all Karajarri
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Kaurna [zku] see all Kaurna
Source: Kaurna Warra Karrpanthi Aboriginal Corporation
A language organisation supporting the Kaurna language. Ths site contains links to language resources, wordlists, maps, courses, placenames, language requests, and audio versions of Welcome to Country.
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Source: Rob Amery & Vincent (Jack) Kanya Buckskin
Rob and Vincent's course at inField 2010. Based on ideas and strategies for re-introducing the "sleeping" language Kaurna to a range of learners in a context in which the teachers are themselves learning the language. Several PPT resources on Kaurna names, greetings, songs etc.
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Kaytetye [gbb] see all Kaytetye
Source: Margaret Carew/Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics, Batchelor Institute
A program supporting Central Australian languages through innovative projects such as the Kaytetye Bird App and the Iltyem-iltyem website for teaching and learning Central Australian sign languages, and many more resources for Arrernte, Warlpiri, Alyawarr, Anmatyerr and other languages.
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Kriol and pidgins [rop] see all Kriol and pidgins
Source: Felicity Meakins / Waleed Aly / ABC
In this interview by Waleed Aly, Felicity Meakins describes Kriol, a language spoken by about 20,000 people across northern Australia. It has regional varieties, such as Gurindji Kriol described in this interview.
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Manyjilyjarra [mpj] see all Manyjilyjarra
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Martu Wangka [mpj] see all Martu Wangka
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Martuthunira [vma] see all Martuthunira
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Ngarluma [nrl] see all Ngarluma
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Noongar [nys] see all Noongar
Source: South West Aboriginal Land & Sea Council
This site contains a wealth of language and cultural materials and references to Noongar resources. Its language page links to a a wordlist, a full Noongar Dictionary by Rose Whitehurst, and an audio Welcome to Country performance.
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Nyamal [nly] see all Nyamal
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Nyangumarta [nna] see all Nyangumarta
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Nyiyaparli [nad] see all Nyiyaparli
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Putijarra [mpj] see all Putijarra
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Thalanyji [dhl] see all Thalanyji
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Wagiman [waq] see all Wagiman
Source: Wikipedia
A Wikipedia article on the Wagiman language. Wikipedia has an increasing number of pages on Indigenous languages. They can be useful sources, but vary greatly in quality and tend to be rather oriented toward technical linguistic description. This Wagiman page is one of the most comprehensive of them.
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Wajarri [wbv] see all Wajarri
Source: Rosie Sitorus/Crikey
Linguist Rosie Sitorus provides an introduction to the languages and peoples of the midwest, Murchison and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia. An item from ,a href="http://blogs.crikey.com.au/fullysic/">Fully (sic), Crikey's language blog, which features several posts on Australian languages.
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Warlpiri [wbp] see all Warlpiri
Source: Margaret Carew/Centre for Australian Languages and Linguistics, Batchelor Institute
A program supporting Central Australian languages through innovative projects such as the Kaytetye Bird App and the Iltyem-iltyem website for teaching and learning Central Australian sign languages, and many more resources for Arrernte, Warlpiri, Alyawarr, Anmatyerr and other languages.
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Warnman [wbt] see all Warnman
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Yindjibarndi [yij] see all Yindjibarndi
Source: Wangka Maya
Comprehensive site based around supporting the languages of the Pilbara area. Has information and resources for 26 Pilbara languages, including overviews and examples, dictionaries, and language teaching materials.
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Yolngu [aus-x-yoq] see all Yolngu
Source: ARDS
Background information and 900-word dictionary of the Dha?u languages of Yol?u matha -- (Wangurri, G
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Many languages or language not specified
Source: Nicholas Thieberger
The Internet Archive version of Nick’s comprehensive 1996 annotated bibliography and guide to the Indigenous languages of most of Western Australia.
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Source: Harold Koch / Rachel Nordlinger
Provides an overview of Australian languages, including their linguistic structures, genetic relationships, and issues of language maintenance and revitalisation. Note: unfortunately this desirable book is another high-priced volume from De Gruyter (even the PDF version costs $350).
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Source: Michael Walsh
A general survey of the nature and history of Australian languages (chapter 1 of Walsh & Yallop (eds) 1993 Language and Culture in Aboriginal Australia. [PDF, 13 pages]
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Source: Kazuko Obata and Jason Lee / Australian Bureau of Statistics
An article from 2010 providing a general outline of Australian languages and their place in contemporary Australia.
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Source: Australian Government/AIATSIS/FATSIL
The National Indigenous Languages Survey (NILS) Report 2005 summarises and analyses a 2004 survey of Indigenous languages’ vitality, status and resources. There is also a academic discussion about the survey. See also the resport from the second survey, 2014.
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Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics
Apparently the most recent ABS stattistics on speakers of Indigenous languages. See also Australian Standard Classification of Languages.
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